During the past two decades, numerous disease-causing genes for different cardiomyopathies have been identified. These discoveries have led to better understanding of disease pathogenesis and initial steps in the application of mutation analysis ... ...

The role of biventricular pacing is expanding beyond the New York Heart Association classes III and IV heart failure (HF) patient to include less symptomatic patients, earlier in the course of their disease process. This multisite pacing strategy ... ...